MOTS-C (10mg)

MOTS-C Peptide: Intriguing Mitochondrial Signaling

MOTS-C (mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the 12S rRNA-c) peptide, a distinctive mitochondria-derived peptide, has garnered attention for its unique properties. Comprising 16 amino acids and detected in various tissues and plasma, MOTS-C suggests a dual role as a cell-specific compound and a hormone, possibly engaging the AMPK pathway. Among mitochondria-derived peptides, MOTS-C and Humanin stand out in current research. Under metabolic stress, MOTS-C is speculated to translocate to cellular nuclei, influencing gene expression. Additionally, when released into the bloodstream, MOTS-C is recognized as a “mitochondrial hormone” or “mitokine,” adding a layer of complexity to its biological functions.

Chemical Structure⁽⁴⁾

Molecular Formula: C101H152N28O22S2
Molecular Weight: 2174.64 g/mol
Other Titles: Mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c, Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c

Exploring MOTS-C Peptide: Insights from Animal Studies

Insights gleaned from animal research models highlight diverse potential effects of MOTS-C peptide, encompassing heightened physical performance, regulated cellular and tissue metabolism, and myoblast adaptation. Notably, these outcomes appear to be intricately linked to age, suggesting a nuanced relationship. Joseph C Reynolds et al. emphasize the pivotal role of mitochondria, the primary metabolic organelles, in aging and their orchestration of broad physiological functions through peptides encoded within their independent genome. MOTS-C, expressed endogenously during exercise, emerges as a promising element that may amplify both physical activity and cellular metabolism.

MOTS-C Peptide and Age-Related Metabolic Changes

Age-related metabolic shifts often contribute to insulin resistance in skeletal muscles, culminating in reduced glucose uptake. However, introducing MOTS-C peptide may potentially act as a catalyst, provoking a heightened response in skeletal muscles through AMPK activation. This, in turn, could trigger an upswing in the expression of glucose transporters. The envisioned outcome is an amelioration in skeletal muscle metabolism, fostering improved functionality and growth in skeletal muscle, offering a prospective avenue in addressing age-associated metabolic alterations.

MOTS-C Peptide and Lipid Metabolism

The impact of MOTS-C peptide on the AMPK pathway, known for its role in utilizing excess lipids while preserving lean body mass, has garnered attention from researchers. Notably, studies propose that the peptide’s ability to traverse from mitochondria to cellular nuclei may lead to alterations in gene expression, potentially influencing glucose uptake dynamics. This concept finds support in an experiment involving mice subjected to a high-fat diet, where those administered MOTS-C peptide demonstrated leanness and increased vitality compared to their counterparts. These findings suggest that MOTS-C may deter fat accumulation and enhance glucose uptake, emphasizing its role in lipid metabolism through the AMPK pathway.

MOTS-C Peptide and Cardiovascular Health

Research indicates that MOTS-C peptide might play a regulatory role in the cardiovascular system, particularly through its impact on endothelial function. Studies propose that the peptide could influence the nitric oxide pathway, potentially leading to improved vasodilation and overall cardiovascular health. When tested in animal models, MOTS-C administration was associated with enhanced endothelial function, suggesting a potential avenue for addressing cardiovascular conditions. This exploration of MOTS-C in cardiovascular health highlights its versatility and potential impact on various physiological systems beyond its known effects on mitochondrial function.

MOTS-C Peptide and Neurological Impact

While MOTS-C peptide is not directly implicated in neurological functions, researchers hypothesize that its influence on metabolic pathways may indirectly affect neurological health. The peptide’s potential to modulate cellular metabolism, especially in energy-demanding tissues, could have ramifications for neuronal activity and function. Studies exploring the indirect impact of MOTS-C on the nervous system are in progress, aiming to elucidate any correlations between its metabolic regulatory actions and neurological well-being. This avenue of investigation broadens the scope of MOTS-C research beyond its primary focus on mitochondrial and metabolic processes.

MOTS-C Peptide and Age-Related Metabolic Changes

Researchers have explored the potential link between MOTS-C peptide and age-related metabolic alterations, particularly in lean individuals. Studies indicate that MOTS-C may play a role in monitoring and understanding shifts in metabolic processes associated with aging. Rather than solely focusing on insulin sensitivity, investigations into age-related metabolic changes involve scrutinizing the peptide’s influence on broader metabolic functions. This avenue of research sheds light on the peptide’s implications for age-related metabolic shifts and provides insights into its potential as a marker for age-associated metabolic variations.

MOTS-C Peptide and Longevity Mechanisms

Exploring the potential mechanisms underlying enhanced longevity, MOTS-C peptide has become a subject of interest in longevity research. While the peptide’s typical composition includes glutamate residues, structural modifications, such as replacing glutamate with lysine, might induce functional changes. Researchers acknowledge the distinct functionalities of glutamate and lysine groups but are yet to fully understand how this specific structural alteration impacts the peptide’s functionality. Noriyuki Fuku et al. highlight the need for further mechanistic research to unravel the functional significance of polymorphism and the potential influence of MOTS-C in the aging process, emphasizing the importance of investigating longevity mechanisms associated with this mitokine.
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